International experience in enhancing the eco-economic efficiency of railway transport enterprises as a driver of sustainable economic development
Keywords:
Railway transport, environmental and economic efficiency, sustainable economic development, sustainable transport systems, international experience, ESG principles, decarbonizationAbstract
The article examines international experience in the development of sustainable transport systems and identifies contemporary approaches to improving the environmental and economic efficiency of railway enterprises through the integration of environmental, economic, and innovative technological management mechanisms. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of international practices in implementing ESG principles, decarbonizing the transport sector, digitalizing production processes, improving energy efficiency, developing green logistics, and expanding the use of renewable energy sources. It is substantiated that the integrated application of these instruments contributes to reducing the environmental impact of railway transport, optimizing operating costs, enhancing infrastructure productivity, and strengthening the investment attractiveness of railway enterprises. Based on a comparative analysis of international experience, the study identifies priority directions for improving the management system of the environmental and economic efficiency of railway enterprises, taking into account the current challenges of sustainable development and the specific characteristics of the national economy. The findings may serve as a methodological basis for developing strategic directions for the modernization of railway transport aimed at achieving environmental sustainability, economic efficiency, and long-term socio-economic development
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